Joints And Movement
Joints And Movement
The joints in the body are the places where two bones are joined together. The joints are strong enough to withstand jerks. The ends of bones are covered with soft cartilage. It acts as a shock absorber and reduces friction between the bones. Cartilage is also present in some parts of the body that are not as hard as the bones, for example the upper part of the ear. The bones are held together at the joints by strong, stretchy bands called Ligaments. There are many joints in the body. The joints are of three types, depending on the types of movement they allow—immovable, slightly movable and freely movable.
The bones in the skull (except the lower jaw bone) do not allow any movement. The joints between the ribs and the breast bone allow only slight movement. Most of the joints in the human body are freely movable joints. These freely movable joints are of four main types, depending on the type of movement they allow.
Immovable or fixed joints :
The joints do not allow any movement between the bones. For eg : the bone of skull are interlocked with each other and held together by fibrous cartilage, which do not allow any movement.
Slightly Movable joints:
These joints allow very little movement due to the presence of a pad of flexible cartilage between their ends. For example, joints present between adjacent vertebrae in the backbone or spine allow only slight movement. This kind of joint provides more support.
Freely movable joints :
1. Hinge Joint:
The elbow, knee and finger joints allow movement in one plane only, that is, up and down, or backward and forward, like the hinges of a door. Such joints are therefore called hinge joints. We have hinge joints in our elbows, fingers, knees and toes.
2. Ball and Socket Joint:
The shoulder and hip joints allow movement in all directions. In such joints, the end of one of the bones is round like a ball. It fits into a hollow part (or socket) in the other bone.
3. Pivot Joint:
The neck joint also allows movement in all directions. It allows you to move your head up and down, left and right and also to rotate it. In such joints, one of the bones ends in a rounded or conical surface that fits into a dent in the other bone. Such a joint is called a pivot joint.
4. Gliding Joint:
The wrist or ankle joints have flattened ends of bones that can move ( or glide) against each other, These joints allow side to side as well as backward and forward movement. The vertebrae also have similar joints that allow slight movement. Gliding joints are found between the wrist and the carpals and between the ankle and the tarsals.
Six types of movements of Joints :-
Extension :- This kind of movement occurs when angle of movement is changed. For example, the elbow when a shot is fired. When a high jumper takes off , the knee takes off stretches.
Flexion :- Bending a joint. This occurs when a joint angle is decreasing for eg, when he does a biceps curl, the elbow flexes. The leg flexes as it prepares to kick a ball.
Ball and socket joints also allow flexion and extension.
Adduction :- Movement towards the midline of the body. This occurs at the hip and shoulder, returning the arms and legs back to their original position from a jumping jack movement or when swimming breast stroke.
Abduction :- Abduction moves the limb laterally away from the midline of the body, while abduction is the opposing movement that brings the limb toward the body or across the midline.
Circumduction :- Circumduction is the movement of a body region in a circular manner, in which one end of the body region being moved stays relatively stationary while the other end describes a circle. It involves the sequential combination of flexion , adduction, extension and abduction at a joint.
Rotation :- Rotation is the circular movement of a joint or muscle that allows the bodily part to move in a circular manner. The two types of rotational movements are internal rotation and external rotation.
The hinge joints allow movement in _____________________ | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation | |||
The type of joint in which a cylindrical bone rotates in a ring is which of the following types of joint? | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation | |||
'Gait' means _______________ | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Students / Parents Reviews [20]
Abhyas is an institute of high repute. Yogansh has taken admission last year. It creates abilities in child to prepare for competitive exams. Students are motivated by living prizes on basis of performance in Abhyas exams. He is satisfied with institute.
Yogansh Nyasi
7thThird consective year,my ward is in Abhyas with nice experience of admin and transport support.Educational standard of the institute recumbent at satisfactory level. One thing would live to bring in notice that last year study books was distributed after half of the session was over,though study ...
Ayan Ghosh
8thAbout Abhyas metholodology the teachers are very nice and hardworking toward students.The Centre Head Mrs Anu Sethi is also a brilliant teacher.Abhyas has taught me how to overcome problems and has always taken my doubts and suppoeted me.
Shreya Shrivastava
8thAbhyas institute is one of the best coaching institute in the vicinity of Ambala Cantt area. The teachers of the institute are well experienced and very helpful in solving the problems of the students.The good thing of the institute is that it is providing extra classes for the students who are w...
Aman Kumar Shrivastava
10thThe experience was nice. I studied here for three years and saw a tremendous change in myself. I started liking subjects like English and SST which earlier I ran from. Extra knowledge gave me confidence to overcome competitive exams. One of the best institutes for secondary education.
Aman Kumar Shrivastava
10thIt has a great methodology. Students here can get analysis to their test quickly.We can learn easily through PPTs and the testing methods are good. We know that where we have to practice
Barkha Arora
10thIn terms of methodology I want to say that institute provides expert guidence and results oriented monitering supplements by requsite study material along with regular tests which help the students to improve their education skills.The techniques of providing education helps the students to asses...
Aman Kumar Shrivastava
10thMy experience was very good with Abhyas academy. I am studying here from 6th class and I am satisfied by its results in my life. I improved a lot here ahead of school syllabus.
Ayan Ghosh
8thWhen I have not joined Abhyas Academy, my skills of solving maths problems were not clear. But, after joining it, my skills have been developed and my concepts of science and SST are very well. I also came to know about other subjects such as vedic maths and reasoning.
Sharandeep Singh
7thI have spent a wonderful time in Abhyas academy. It has made my reasoning more apt, English more stronger and Maths an interesting subject for me. It has given me a habbit of self studying
Yatharthi Sharma
10thBeing a parent, I saw my daughter improvement in her studies by seeing a good result in all day to day compititive exam TMO, NSO, IEO etc and as well as studies. I have got a fruitful result from my daughter.
Prisha Gupta
8thIt was good as the experience because as we had come here we had been improved in a such envirnment created here.Extra is taught which is beneficial for future.
Eshan Arora
8thAbhyas academy is great place to learn. I have learnt a lot here they have finished my fear of not answering.It has created a habit of self studying in me.The teachers here are very supportive and helpful. Earlier my maths and science was good but now it has been much better than before.
Barkha Arora
10thUsually we see institutes offering objective based learning which usually causes a lag behind in subjective examinations which is the pattern followed by schools. I think it is really a work of planning to make us students grab the advantages of modes of examination, Objective Subjective and Onli...
Anika Saxena
8thIt was a good experience with Abhyas Academy. I even faced problems in starting but slowly and steadily overcomed. Especially reasoning classes helped me a lot.
Cheshta
10thMy experience with Abhyas academy is very nice or it can be said wonderful. I have been studying here from seven class. I have been completing my journey of three years. I am tinking that I should join Abhyas Academy in tenth class as I am seeing much improvement in Maths and English
Hridey Preet
9thWe started with lot of hope that Abhyas will help in better understnding of complex topics of highers classes. we are not disappointed with the progress our child has made after attending Abhyas. Though need to mention that we expected a lot more. On a scale of 1-10, we would give may be 7.
Manya
8thAbhyas Methodology is very good. It is based on according to student and each child manages accordingly to its properly. Methodology has improved the abilities of students to shine them in future.
Manish Kumar
10thMy experience with Abhyas Academy has been very good. When I was not in Abhyas whenever teacher ask questions I could not speak it confidently but when I came in Abhyas, my speaking skills developed and now I am the first one to give the answer of teachers question.
Upmanyu Sharma
7thMy experience with Abhyas is very good. I have learnt many things here like vedic maths and reasoning also. Teachers here first take our doubts and then there are assignments to verify our weak points.
